Poland’s industrial sector generated roughly 60 million tonnes of CO2 in 2024, representing nearly 20% of the country’s total CO2 emissions, and a significant share of those emissions cannot be eliminated through electrification alone. CCS technologies present one of many vital opportunities to address these hard-to-abate emissions and advance competitive industrial decarbonisation in Poland. Yet the country has not deployed a single large-scale CCS facility.
Drawing on the systemic bankability framework developed by Clean Air Task Force and Princeton’s Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, the report applies nine conditions for commercial-scale technology deployment to Poland’s CCS sector. Systemic bankability exists when technology costs have fallen, project risks are manageable, financing is available on commercial terms, and enough projects have been built that private capital can flow repeatedly and at scale.